Dendrobium unicum

This little character is aptly named the Unique Dendrobium, and one look at its vibrant orange flowers explains why. It’s a color not often seen in the orchid world, a brilliant, almost fiery hue that immediately catches the eye.

A native to the mountainous regions of Southeast Asia, Dendrobium unicum can be found in Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. It typically grows as an epiphyte on trees or as a lithophyte on rocks in open, brushy areas. This species resides at elevations between 2,600 and 5,100 ft., experiencing a habitat with a distinct wet and dry season. This environment dictates its growth cycle and informs how we can best cultivate it. The temperature range in its natural habitat is considered cool to warm.

The flowers of Dendrobium unicum are truly its most captivating feature. They are a striking, bright orange, with a slightly paler, almost yellow lip that is beautifully contrasted with fine, dark reddish-maroon veins. The fragrance is another delightful surprise, often described as smelling sweetly of apricots. The flowers, which are about 1.5 to 2 in. across, emerge in clusters of two to four from the nodes of both leafless and leaved canes. They have a curious, almost whimsical shape with long, slender petals and sepals. While no specific American Orchid Society awards for this species were found in our immediate search, its unique charm and beauty are undeniable.

From a botanical standpoint, this is a miniature to small-sized orchid. The pseudobulbs, or canes, are clustered and slender, typically growing to a length of about 3 to 6 in. These canes are often slightly fuzzy and can take on a greyish-green appearance. Each cane bears two to three narrow, lance-shaped leaves near the apex, which are about 2 to 3 in. long. This is a deciduous species, so don't be alarmed when the leaves turn yellow and drop, usually after the first year. Blooming typically occurs in the late winter to early summer on these mature, often leafless, canes.

Care Instructions

Light: Provide bright, indirect light. An east-facing window is ideal. It can tolerate some direct morning sun, but should be protected from harsh afternoon sun which can scorch the leaves.

Water: Water requirements vary with the season, mimicking its natural habitat. During the active growing season (spring and summer), water thoroughly, allowing the potting medium to just approach dryness between waterings. In the fall and winter, a cool, dry rest is crucial for flower induction. Reduce watering significantly, only providing enough to prevent the canes from shriveling excessively.

Temperature: This orchid thrives in intermediate to warm conditions. Daytime temperatures of 70-85°F and nighttime temperatures of 60-65°F are ideal. A 10-15°F temperature drop at night is beneficial.

Humidity: Prefers a humidity level of 50-70%. If your growing area is dry, using a humidity tray or a humidifier can be beneficial. Good air circulation is essential to prevent fungal issues.

Potting Medium: Dendrobium unicum can be grown in a pot with a very well-draining orchid mix, such as a combination of medium-grade fir bark, charcoal, and perlite. However, it often performs best when mounted on cork bark or a tree fern plaque, which allows its roots to dry out quickly and mimics its natural epiphytic growth habit.

Please note, as with all deciduous Dendrobium, your Den. unicum will go into a dormancy phase and drop all its leaves shortly before flowering. Reduce watering during dormancy and allow media to dry out between waterings. Water more consistently as flower buds appear in the spring and early summer. When new growth appears, water when necessary with fertilizer until early fall.

Currently offered in very limited supply, blooming size only, in 4" pots.